Question 1

As an adult, going back to an earlier way of gratifying needs defines

Accepted Answer

A)   repression.
B)   fixation.
C)   regression.
D)   reaction formation.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 2

A girl fearing her mother and desiring her father is associated with the

Accepted Answer

A)   Meiner's complex.
B)   anal complex.
C)   Oedipal complex.
D)   genital complex.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Amanda describes herself as intelligent, friendly, and responsible. Amanda's family, friends, and teachers all agree that she shows those qualities. According to Rogers, her self-concept is

Accepted Answer

A)   positive.
B)   accurate.
C)   congruent.
D)   incongruent.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Which of the following is a personality theorist from the behavioral perspective?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hans Eysenck
B)   Walter Mischel
C)   Abraham Maslow
D)   Alfred AdlerE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

If she is using the defense mechanism of projection, a mother who actually hates her son would MOST likely be both unaware of her hatred and

Accepted Answer

A)   direct her hatred toward her daughter.
B)   act in an extremely loving way toward her son.
C)   act in an extremely critical way toward her son.
D)   believe that her son hated her.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Deirdre used to be shy and unwilling to speak out in class. Last semester she was in a class that involved a lot of discussion groups, and she found that her classmates were willing to listen attentively to her ideas, and often asked her for input when the discussion bogged down. Now Deirdre is more outspoken and confident during class discussions. Based on principles of operant conditioning, Deirdre's new outspoken, confident manner is MOST likely a result of

Accepted Answer

A)   extinction.
B)   negative reinforcement.
C)   punishment.
D)   positive reinforcement.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

In explaining a person's aggressiveness, a social cognitive theorist would favor which of the following explanations?

Accepted Answer

A)   an inferiority complex
B)   unconscious forces
C)   observational learning
D)   unresolved conflictsE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Albert Bandura's concept of reciprocal determinism is best summarized as

Accepted Answer

A)   "The environment continually shapes us."
B)   "Humans continually shape the environment."
C)   "Environments shape humans and humans shape environments."
D)   "Each person's world is his or her own."E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

The personality theory of Carl Rogers is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   the Gestalt approach.
B)   social comparison theory.
C)   rational-emotive theory.
D)   person-centered theory.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Skinner would explain why one student responds positively to receiving a B on a test while another student responds negatively to a B by noting that

Accepted Answer

A)   one student has a stronger superego than the other.
B)   one student has more self-efficacy than the other.
C)   the students have different personality traits.
D)   the students have different histories of reinforcement and punishment.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 11

The crucial developmental task associated with the anal stage is

Accepted Answer

A)   the Oedipal complex.
B)   gaining superiority.
C)   weaning from the breast or bottle.
D)   toilet training.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

According to Freud's theory, either excessive gratification or excessive frustration of needs may result in

Accepted Answer

A)   overcompensation.
B)   regression.
C)   fixation.
D)   defense mechanisms.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Freud ascribed great importance to sexual and aggressive impulses, mainly because they

Accepted Answer

A)   tend to be routinely frustrated.
B)   are essential to the survival of the species.
C)   dominate our dreams.
D)   tend to be reinforced by others.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 14

When people give a false but plausible excuse to justify their unacceptable behavior, they are using

Accepted Answer

A)   reaction formation.
B)   displacement.
C)   rationalization.
D)   projection.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

The belief that one has the ability to perform behaviors that should lead to expected outcomes is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   self-efficacy.
B)   self-monitoring.
C)   self-control
D)   self-justification.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Scott has just been reprimanded by his supervisor. Later on, Scott begins to "stomp around" and throws a tantrum in front of his co-workers. Scott's behavior exemplifies which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   a fixation
B)   projection
C)   regression
D)   rationalizationE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

The personal unconscious and collective unconscious are associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   Adler's theory.
B)   Maslow's theory.
C)   Freud's theory.
D)   Jung's theory.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Conscious is to aware as unconscious is to

Accepted Answer

A)   unknown.
B)   noninfluencial.
C)   quick retrieval.
D)   sexual.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

According to the five-factor model of personality, people who score high in ____ tend to be happier than other people.

Accepted Answer

A)   neuroticism
B)   extraversion
C)   conscientiousness
D)   openness to experienceE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 20

BOTH the psychoanalytic and behavioral theories of behavior have been criticized for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   the belief that behavior is dominated by primitive, animalistic drives
B)   the failure to recognize the unique qualities of human behavior
C)   preoccupation with animal research
D)   fragmented view of personalityE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Exam 23: Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

Which of the following is a personality theorist from the behavioral perspective?

Correct Answer
verified

According to the five-factor model of personality, people who score high in ____ tend to be happier than other people.

Correct Answer
verified

The crucial developmental task associated with the anal stage is

Correct Answer
verified

In explaining a person's aggressiveness, a social cognitive theorist would favor which of the following explanations?

Correct Answer
verified

As an adult, going back to an earlier way of gratifying needs defines

Correct Answer
verified

Freud ascribed great importance to sexual and aggressive impulses, mainly because they

Correct Answer
verified

The personality theory of Carl Rogers is known as

Correct Answer
verified

A girl fearing her mother and desiring her father is associated with the

Correct Answer
verified

The belief that one has the ability to perform behaviors that should lead to expected outcomes is referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

If she is using the defense mechanism of projection, a mother who actually hates her son would MOST likely be both unaware of her hatred and

Correct Answer
verified

According to Freud's theory, either excessive gratification or excessive frustration of needs may result in

Correct Answer
verified

When people give a false but plausible excuse to justify their unacceptable behavior, they are using

Correct Answer
verified

Amanda describes herself as intelligent, friendly, and responsible. Amanda's family, friends, and teachers all agree that she shows those qualities. According to Rogers, her self-concept is

Correct Answer
verified

Skinner would explain why one student responds positively to receiving a B on a test while another student responds negatively to a B by noting that

Correct Answer
verified

Scott has just been reprimanded by his supervisor. Later on, Scott begins to "stomp around" and throws a tantrum in front of his co-workers. Scott's behavior exemplifies which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

Conscious is to aware as unconscious is to

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

BOTH the psychoanalytic and behavioral theories of behavior have been criticized for which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

The personal unconscious and collective unconscious are associated with

Correct Answer
verified

Albert Bandura's concept of reciprocal determinism is best summarized as

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 23: Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

Which of the following is a personality theorist from the behavioral perspective?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the five-factor model of personality, people who score high in ____ tend to be happier than other people.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The crucial developmental task associated with the anal stage is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In explaining a person's aggressiveness, a social cognitive theorist would favor which of the following explanations?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As an adult, going back to an earlier way of gratifying needs defines

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Freud ascribed great importance to sexual and aggressive impulses, mainly because they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The personality theory of Carl Rogers is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A girl fearing her mother and desiring her father is associated with the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The belief that one has the ability to perform behaviors that should lead to expected outcomes is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If she is using the defense mechanism of projection, a mother who actually hates her son would MOST likely be both unaware of her hatred and

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Freud's theory, either excessive gratification or excessive frustration of needs may result in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people give a false but plausible excuse to justify their unacceptable behavior, they are using

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amanda describes herself as intelligent, friendly, and responsible. Amanda's family, friends, and teachers all agree that she shows those qualities. According to Rogers, her self-concept is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Skinner would explain why one student responds positively to receiving a B on a test while another student responds negatively to a B by noting that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Scott has just been reprimanded by his supervisor. Later on, Scott begins to "stomp around" and throws a tantrum in front of his co-workers. Scott's behavior exemplifies which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Conscious is to aware as unconscious is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

BOTH the psychoanalytic and behavioral theories of behavior have been criticized for which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The personal unconscious and collective unconscious are associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Albert Bandura's concept of reciprocal determinism is best summarized as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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