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Which of the following statements is CORRECT?


A) If a company's beta doubles, then its required rate of return will also double.
B) Other things held constant, if investors suddenly become convinced that there will be deflation in the economy, then the required returns on all stocks should increase.
C) If a company's beta were cut in half, then its required rate of return would also be halved.
D) If the risk-free rate rises by 0.5% but the market risk premium declines by that same amount, then the required rates of return on stocks with betas less than 1.0 will decline while returns on stocks with betas above 1.0 will increase.
E) If the risk-free rate rises by 0.5% but the market risk premium declines by that same amount, then the required rate of return on an average stock will remain unchanged, but required returns on stocks with betas less than 1.0 will rise.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Nile Food's stock has a beta of 1.4, while Elba Eateries' stock has a beta of 0.7. Assume that the risk-free rate, rRF, is 5.5% and the market risk premium, (rM − rRF) , equals 4%. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?


A) If the risk-free rate increases but the market risk premium remains unchanged, the required return will increase for both stocks but the increase will be larger for Nile since it has a higher beta.
B) If the market risk premium increases but the risk-free rate remains unchanged, Nile's required return will increase because it has a beta greater than 1.0 but Elba's required return will decline because it has a beta less than 1.0.
C) Since Nile's beta is twice that of Elba's, its required rate of return will also be twice that of Elba's.
D) If the risk-free rate increases while the market risk premium remains constant, then the required return on an average stock will increase.
E) If the market risk premium decreases but the risk-free rate remains unchanged, Nile's required return will decrease because it has a beta greater than 1.0 and Elba's will also decrease, but by more than Nile's because it has a beta less than 1.0.

F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

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Assume that you are the portfolio manager of the SF Fund, a $3 million hedge fund that contains the following stocks. The required rate of return on the market is 11.00% and the risk-free rate is 5.00%. What rate of return should investors expect (and require) on this fund?


A) 10.56%
B) 10.83%
C) 11.11%
D) 11.38%
E) 11.67%

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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Bruce Niendorf holds the following portfolio:Bruce plans to sell Stock A and replace it with Stock E, which has a beta of 0.75. By how much will the portfolio beta change?


A) -0.190
B) -0.211
C) -0.234
D) -0.260
E) -0.286

F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Assume that two investors each hold a portfolio, and that portfolio is their only asset. Investor A's portfolio has a beta of minus 2.0, while Investor B's portfolio has a beta of plus 2.0. Assuming that the unsystematic risks of the stocks in the two portfolios are the same, then the two investors face the same amount of risk. However, the holders of either portfolio could lower their risks, and by exactly the same amount, by adding some "normal" stocks with beta = 1.0.

A) True
B) False

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The coefficient of variation, calculated as the standard deviation of expected returns divided by the expected return, is a standardized measure of the risk per unit of expected return.

A) True
B) False

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Calculate the required rate of return for Climax Inc., assuming that (1) investors expect a 4.0% rate of inflation in the future, (2) the real risk-free rate is 3.0%, (3) the market risk premium is 5.0%, (4) the firm has a beta of 1.00, and (5) its realized rate of return has averaged 15.0% over the last 5 years.


A) 10.29%
B) 10.83%
C) 11.40%
D) 12.00%
E) 12.60%

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Stock HB has a beta of 1.5 and Stock LB has a beta of 0.5. The market is in equilibrium, with required returns equaling expected returns. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?


A) If expected inflation remains constant but the market risk premium (rM − rRF) declines, the required return of Stock LB will decline but the required return of Stock HB will increase.
B) If both expected inflation and the market risk premium (rM − rRF) increase, the required return on Stock HB will increase by more than that on Stock LB.
C) If both expected inflation and the market risk premium (rM − rRF) increase, the required returns of both stocks will increase by the same amount.
D) Since the market is in equilibrium, the required returns of the two stocks should be the same.
E) If expected inflation remains constant but the market risk premium (rM − rRF) declines, the required return of Stock HB will decline but the required return of Stock LB will increase.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Assume that the risk-free rate is 5%. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?


A) If a stock has a negative beta, its required return under the CAPM would be less than 5%.
B) If a stock's beta doubled, its required return under the CAPM would also double.
C) If a stock's beta doubled, its required return under the CAPM would more than double.
D) If a stock's beta were 1.0, its required return under the CAPM would be 5%.
E) If a stock's beta were less than 1.0, its required return under the CAPM would be less than 5%.

F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

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You hold a diversified $100,000 portfolio consisting of 20 stocks with $5,000 invested in each. The portfolio's beta is 1.12. You plan to sell a stock with b = 0.90 and use the proceeds to buy a new stock with b = 1.80. What will the portfolio's new beta be?


A) 1.286
B) 1.255
C) 1.224
D) 1.194
E) 1.165

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Moerdyk Company's stock has a beta of 1.40, the risk-free rate is 4.25%, and the market risk premium is 5.50%. What is the firm's required rate of return?


A) 11.36%
B) 11.65%
C) 11.95%
D) 12.25%
E) 12.55%

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Inflation, recession, and high interest rates are economic events that are best characterized as being


A) systematic risk factors that can be diversified away.
B) company-specific risk factors that can be diversified away.
C) among the factors that are responsible for market risk.
D) risks that are beyond the control of investors and thus should not be considered by security analysts or portfolio managers.
E) irrelevant except to governmental authorities like the Federal Reserve.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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The tighter the probability distribution of its expected future returns, the greater the risk of a given investment as measured by its standard deviation.

A) True
B) False

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Preston Inc.'s stock has a 25% chance of producing a 30% return, a 50% chance of producing a 12% return, and a 25% chance of producing a -18% return. What is the firm's expected rate of return?


A) 7.72%
B) 8.12%
C) 8.55%
D) 9.00%
E) 9.50%

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Stock A has a beta of 1.2 and a standard deviation of 20%. Stock B has a beta of 0.8 and a standard deviation of 25%. Portfolio P has $200,000 consisting of $100,000 invested in Stock A and $100,000 in Stock B. Which of the following statements is CORRECT? (Assume that the stocks are in equilibrium.)


A) Stock A's returns are less highly correlated with the returns on most other stocks than are B's returns.
B) Stock B has a higher required rate of return than Stock A.
C) Portfolio P has a standard deviation of 22.5%.
D) More information is needed to determine the portfolio's beta.
E) Portfolio P has a beta of 1.0.

F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

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If an investor buys enough stocks, he or she can, through diversification, eliminate all of the market risk inherent in owning stocks, but as a general rule it will not be possible to eliminate all diversifiable risk.

A) True
B) False

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Tom O'Brien has a 2-stock portfolio with a total value of $100,000. $37,500 is invested in Stock A with a beta of 0.75 and the remainder is invested in Stock B with a beta of 1.42. What is his portfolio's beta?


A) 1.17
B) 1.23
C) 1.29
D) 1.35
E) 1.42

F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Bad managerial judgments or unforeseen negative events that happen to a firm are defined as "company-specific," or "unsystematic," events, and their effects on investment risk can in theory be diversified away.

A) True
B) False

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Over the past 75 years, we have observed that investments with the highest average annual returns also tend to have the highest standard deviations of annual returns. This observation supports the notion that there is a positive correlation between risk and return. Which of the following answers correctly ranks investments from highest to lowest risk (and return) , where the security with the highest risk is shown first, the one with the lowest risk last?


A) Small-company stocks, long-term corporate bonds, large-company stocks, long-term government bonds, U.S. Treasury bills.
B) Large-company stocks, small-company stocks, long-term corporate bonds, U.S. Treasury bills, long-term government bonds.
C) Small-company stocks, large-company stocks, long-term corporate bonds, long-term government bonds, U.S. Treasury bills.
D) U.S. Treasury bills, long-term government bonds, long-term corporate bonds, small-company stocks, large-company stocks.
E) Large-company stocks, small-company stocks, long-term corporate bonds, long-term government bonds, U.S. Treasury bills.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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A stock with a beta equal to -1.0 has zero systematic (or market) risk.

A) True
B) False

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