Question 1

Microphylls are found in which plant group?

Accepted Answer

A)   mosses
B)   liverworts
C)   lycophytes
D)   ferns
E)   hornwortsF) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 2

In animal cells and in the meristem cells of land plants, the nuclear envelope disintegrates during mitosis. This disintegration does not occur in the cells of most protists and fungi. According to our current knowledge of plant evolution, which group of organisms should feature mitosis most similar to that of land plants?

Accepted Answer

A)   unicellular green algae
B)   cyanobacteria
C)   charophytes
D)   red algae
E)   multicellular green algaeF) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 3

What is true of charophytes?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are the ancestors of green algae.
B)   They are examples of seedless vascular plants.
C)   They are the closest living algal relatives of land plants.
D)   They share some features in common with land plants, namely spores surrounded by sporopollenin and alternation of generations.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Which of the following characteristics of plants is absent in their closest relatives, the charophyte algae?

Accepted Answer

A)   chlorophyll b
B)   cellulose in cell walls
C)   formation of a cell plate during cytokinesis
D)   sexual reproduction
E)   alternation of multicellular generationsF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 5

You are hiking in a forest and come upon a mysterious plant, which you determine is either a lycophyte sporophyte or a pterophyte sporophyte. Which of the following would be most helpful in determining the correct classification of the plant?

Accepted Answer

A)   whether or not it has true leaves
B)   whether it has microphylls or megaphylls
C)   whether or not it has seeds
D)   its height
E)   whether or not it has chlorophyll aF) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

Which of the following characteristics helped seedless plants better adapt to life on land?

Accepted Answer

A)   a dominant gametophyte
B)   photosystem II
C)   a chitinous cuticle
D)   stomata on leaves
E)   an unbranched sporophyteF) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

The next few questions are based on the following description.
A biology student hiking in a forest happens upon an erect, 15-cm-tall plant that bears microphylls and a strobilus at its tallest point. When disturbed, the cone emits a dense cloud of brownish dust. A pocket magnifying glass reveals the dust to be composed of tiny spheres with a high oil content.
-This organism probably belongs to the same phylum as the

Accepted Answer

A)   ferns, horsetails, and whisk ferns.
B)   club mosses, quillworts, and spike mosses.
C)   mosses, hornworts, and liverworts.
D)   conifers.
E)   charophytes.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

Which of the following should have had gene sequences most similar to the charophyte that was the common ancestor of the land plants?

Accepted Answer

A)   early angiosperms
B)   early bryophytes
C)   early gymnosperms
D)   early lycophytes
E)   early pterophytesF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

In which of the following taxa does the mature sporophyte depend completely on the gametophyte for nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pterophyta
B)   Bryophyta
C)   horsetail (Equisetum) 
D)   Pterophyta, Bryophyta, and horsetail (Equisetum) 
E)   Pterophyta and BryophytaF) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

The 2-m height attainable by Polytrichum moss is at the upper end of the size range reached by mosses. What accounts for the relative tallness of Polytrichum?

Accepted Answer

A)   the cuticle that is found along the ridges of "leaves"
B)   "leaves" that are more than one cell layer thick
C)   high humidity of surrounding air which provides support against gravity
D)   reduced size, mass, and persistence of the sporophytes which allows gametophores to grow taller
E)   the presence of conducting tissues in the "stem"F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 11

The functional role of sporopollenin is primarily to

Accepted Answer

A)   comprise spore surface structures that catch the wind and assist in spore dispersal.
B)   reduce dehydration.
C)   make spores less dense and able to disperse more readily.
D)   repel toxic chemicals.
E)   provide nutrients to spores.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 12

If a fern gametophyte is a hermaphrodite (that is, has both male and female gametangia on the same plant) , then it

Accepted Answer

A)   belongs to a species that is homosporous.
B)   must be diploid.
C)   has lost the need for a sporophyte generation.
D)   has antheridia and archegonia combined into a single sex organ.
E)   is actually not a fern, because fern gametophytes are always either male or female.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

If the kingdom Plantae is someday expanded to include the charophytes, then the shared derived characteristics of the kingdom will include
1) rings of cellulose-synthesizing complexes.
2) chlorophylls a and b.
3) alternation of generations.
4) cell walls of cellulose.
5) ability to synthesize sporopollenin.

Accepted Answer

A)   1 and 5
B)   1, 2, and 3
C)   1, 3, and 5
D)   1, 4, and 5
E)   1, 2, 4, and 5F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Which of the following is true of the life cycle of mosses?

Accepted Answer

A)   The haploid generation grows on the sporophyte generation.
B)   Spores are primarily distributed by water currents.
C)   Antheridia and archegonia are produced by gametophytes.
D)   The sporophyte generation is dominant.
E)   The growing embryo gives rise to the gametophyte.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

On a field trip, a student in a marine biology class collects an organism that has differentiated organs, cell walls of cellulose, and chloroplasts with chlorophyll a. Based on this description, the organism could be a brown alga, a red alga, a green alga, a charophyte recently washed into the ocean from a freshwater or brackish water source, or a land plant washed into the ocean. The presence of which of the following features would definitively identify this organism as a land plant?

Accepted Answer

A)   alternation of generations
B)   sporopollenin
C)   rings of cellulose-synthesizing complexes
D)   flagellated sperm
E)   embryosF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

If humans had been present to build log structures during the Carboniferous period (they weren't) , which plant types would have been suitable sources of logs?

Accepted Answer

A)   whisk ferns and epiphytes
B)   horsetails and bryophytes
C)   lycophytes and bryophytes
D)   ferns, horsetails, and lycophytes
E)   charophytes, bryophytes, and gymnospermsF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 17

Figure 29.3
-The resolution of the relationships indicated by dashed lines in Figure 29.3 will most probably come from

Accepted Answer

A)   more whole-genome analyses of extant (living)  species.
B)   more-detailed analyses of the morphologies of extant species.
C)   the discovery of more fossils of extinct taxa from the time of seed-plant origins.
D)   more-detailed analyses of the life cycles of extant species.
E)   more molecular analyses of the types and structures of photosynthetic pigments present in extant species.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

Of the following list, flagellated (swimming) sperm are generally present in which groups?
1) Lycophyta
2) Bryophyta
3) Angiosperms
4) Chlorophyta
5) Pterophyta

Accepted Answer

A)   1, 2, and 3
B)   1, 2, 4, and 5
C)   1, 3, 4, and 5
D)   2, 3, and 5
E)   2, 3, 4, and 5F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

If intelligent extraterrestrials visited Earth 475 million years ago, and then again 300 million years ago (at the close of the Carboniferous period) , what trends would they have noticed in Earth's terrestrial vegetation over this period?
1) a trend from dominant gametophytes to dominant sporophytes
2) a trend from sporangia borne on modified leaves (sporophylls) to sporangia borne on stalks (seta) 
3) a trend from no true leaves, to microphylls, to megaphylls
4) a trend from soil-surface-hugging plants to "overtopping" plants
5) a trend toward increased lignification of conducting systems

Accepted Answer

A)   1 and 3
B)   3, 4, and 5
C)   1, 2, 4, and 5
D)   1, 3, 4, and 5
E)   2, 3, 4, and 5F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

Structurally, phragmoplasts should be most similar to

Accepted Answer

A)   the nuclear lamina.
B)   the myofilaments of muscle cells.
C)   the internal support structures of microvilli.
D)   the cytoskeletal elements that produce cytoplasmic streaming and amoeboid motion.
E)   spindle fibers.F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Exam 29: Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Correct Answer
verified

You are hiking in a forest and come upon a mysterious plant, which you determine is either a lycophyte sporophyte or a pterophyte sporophyte. Which of the following would be most helpful in determining the correct classification of the plant?

Correct Answer
verified

Figure 29.3 -The resolution of the relationships indicated by dashed lines in Figure 29.3 will most probably come from

Correct Answer
verified

The functional role of sporopollenin is primarily to

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following characteristics of plants is absent in their closest relatives, the charophyte algae?

Correct Answer
verified

What is true of charophytes?

Correct Answer
verified

Microphylls are found in which plant group?

Correct Answer
verified

If a fern gametophyte is a hermaphrodite (that is, has both male and female gametangia on the same plant) , then it

Correct Answer
verified

Structurally, phragmoplasts should be most similar to

Correct Answer
verified

In which of the following taxa does the mature sporophyte depend completely on the gametophyte for nutrition?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true of the life cycle of mosses?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

If humans had been present to build log structures during the Carboniferous period (they weren't) , which plant types would have been suitable sources of logs?

Correct Answer
verified

The 2-m height attainable by Polytrichum moss is at the upper end of the size range reached by mosses. What accounts for the relative tallness of Polytrichum?

Correct Answer
verified

Of the following list, flagellated (swimming) sperm are generally present in which groups? 1) Lycophyta 2) Bryophyta 3) Angiosperms 4) Chlorophyta 5) Pterophyta

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following should have had gene sequences most similar to the charophyte that was the common ancestor of the land plants?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following characteristics helped seedless plants better adapt to life on land?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 29: Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are hiking in a forest and come upon a mysterious plant, which you determine is either a lycophyte sporophyte or a pterophyte sporophyte. Which of the following would be most helpful in determining the correct classification of the plant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 29.3 -The resolution of the relationships indicated by dashed lines in Figure 29.3 will most probably come from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The functional role of sporopollenin is primarily to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following characteristics of plants is absent in their closest relatives, the charophyte algae?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is true of charophytes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microphylls are found in which plant group?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a fern gametophyte is a hermaphrodite (that is, has both male and female gametangia on the same plant) , then it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Structurally, phragmoplasts should be most similar to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following taxa does the mature sporophyte depend completely on the gametophyte for nutrition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of the life cycle of mosses?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If humans had been present to build log structures during the Carboniferous period (they weren't) , which plant types would have been suitable sources of logs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The 2-m height attainable by Polytrichum moss is at the upper end of the size range reached by mosses. What accounts for the relative tallness of Polytrichum?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the following list, flagellated (swimming) sperm are generally present in which groups? 1) Lycophyta 2) Bryophyta 3) Angiosperms 4) Chlorophyta 5) Pterophyta

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following should have had gene sequences most similar to the charophyte that was the common ancestor of the land plants?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following characteristics helped seedless plants better adapt to life on land?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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