Question 1

You are having a conversation with your psychology professor and she proposes that children acquire language the same way they learn everything else, through reinforcement and other established principles of conditioning. Which theorist would agree with her assertions?

Accepted Answer

A)   David Premack
B)   B. F. Skinner
C)   Steven Pinker
D)   Noam ChomskyE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

____________________ is the area of language concerned with understanding the meaning of words and word combinations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ is the area of language concerned...

Question 3

The smallest speech units in a language that can be distinguished perceptually are

Accepted Answer

A)   morphemes.
B)   phonemes.
C)   sounds.
D)   words.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

People often assume that it is necessary to use all the numerical information provided in a problem in order to solve the problem. In reality, numerical information sometimes makes it more difficult to solve a problem because the information

Accepted Answer

A)   results in a mental set.
B)   puts unnecessary constraints on the problem-solver.
C)   may be irrelevant.
D)   encourages functional fixedness.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

The word "psychology" consists of

Accepted Answer

A)   ten morphemes, one for each letter of the alphabet used.
B)   one morpheme, for the entire word.
C)   three morphemes, one for each syllable.
D)   two morphemes: "psych", and "ology".E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Which of the following statements is LEAST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Humans are capable of producing about 100 phonemes.
B)   A letter of the alphabet is represented by more than one phoneme if it has more than one pronunciation.
C)   All languages use all of the phonemes of which humans are capable.
D)   Phonemes are combined into morphemes.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 7

The fact that language has rules that govern the arrangement of words into phrases and sentences refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)   generative aspect of language.
B)   phonemic aspect of language.
C)   continuity aspect of language.
D)   structured aspect of language.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

After the first word is spoken,

Accepted Answer

A)   vocabulary immediately grows at an extremely rapid pace.
B)   further increases in vocabulary occur very slowly and steadily.
C)   vocabulary growth is slow for several months and then speeds up dramatically.
D)   no further vocabulary growth takes place until around 18 months.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Syntax refers to rules for

Accepted Answer

A)   arranging words into phrases and sentences.
B)   combining phonemes to form morphemes.
C)   using words symbolically.
D)   combining morphemes into words.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

The tendency to keep using the same strategy over and over again when trying to solve a problem is known as functional fixedness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Kanye's ability to distinguish between "Pour the Coke in the lemonade" and "Pour the lemonade in the Coke" illustrates an understanding of

Accepted Answer

A)   neither syntax nor semantics.
B)   semantics, but not syntax.
C)   both syntax and semantics.
D)   syntax, but not semantics.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Brett is trying to decide which graduate schools he will apply to. He is making up a list of all the positive and negative aspects he feels are associated with 100 different schools, and he plans to send applications to the 10 schools that score the highest when he adds up all the positive points and subtracts all the negative points. The decision strategy that Brett is using is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   a purely additive strategy.
B)   elimination by aspects.
C)   a holistic strategy.
D)   an expected value strategy.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Recent research suggests that bilingual persons learn another language ___________ monolingual persons.

Accepted Answer

A)   much more slowly than
B)   slightly more slowly than
C)   at about the same pace as
D)   more quickly thanE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Functional fixedness refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   continued use of problem-solving strategies that have worked in the past.
B)   arriving at a particularly insightful solution to a problem.
C)   focusing on information that is irrelevant to the solution of the problem.
D)   not seeing a new function for a familiar object.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 15

When Alaina is working on her bicycle, she brings her entire tool kit out on the driveway and starts pulling wrenches from the tool kit at random, trying them until she finds one that fits. Alaina's approach when she is working on her bicycle could be best described as

Accepted Answer

A)   alternate outcomes analysis.
B)   working backward.
C)   trial and error.
D)   forming subgoals.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

Briefly describe the types of errors that children make during their first attempts at language use.

Accepted Answer

Children often make under- and over-exte...

Question 17

The two sentences "The boy hit the ball" and "The ball was hit by the boy" are the same in regard to

Accepted Answer

A)   grammar.
B)   syntax.
C)   morphemes.
D)   semantics.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Kailee has learned the word "kitty", but she uses this word when she is referring to cats, bunnies, squirrels and other small furry animals. Kailee's use of this word illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   overextension.
B)   fast mapping.
C)   telegraphic speech.
D)   babbling.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

In which case would working backward to solve a problem be an effective strategy?

Accepted Answer

A)   when a problem has a well-defined endpoint
B)   when a problem is unsolvable by heuristics
C)   when it is necessary to change the representation of a problem
D)   when a problem has multiphasic branch pointsE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

When the word "oat" is changed to the word "boat,", the number of

Accepted Answer

A)   phonemes and morphemes are both increased.
B)   phonemes stays the same, but the number of morphemes is increased.
C)   phonemes increases, but the number of morphemes stays the same.
D)   phonemes decreases, but the number of morphemes increases.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Exam 8: Cognition and Language

The two sentences "The boy hit the ball" and "The ball was hit by the boy" are the same in regard to

Correct Answer
verified

Functional fixedness refers to

Correct Answer
verified

The word "psychology" consists of

Correct Answer
verified

When Alaina is working on her bicycle, she brings her entire tool kit out on the driveway and starts pulling wrenches from the tool kit at random, trying them until she finds one that fits. Alaina's approach when she is working on her bicycle could be best described as

Correct Answer
verified

You are having a conversation with your psychology professor and she proposes that children acquire language the same way they learn everything else, through reinforcement and other established principles of conditioning. Which theorist would agree with her assertions?

Correct Answer
verified

____________________ is the area of language concerned with understanding the meaning of words and word combinations.

Correct Answer
verified

The smallest speech units in a language that can be distinguished perceptually are

Correct Answer
verified

Syntax refers to rules for

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is LEAST accurate?

Correct Answer
verified

Recent research suggests that bilingual persons learn another language ___________ monolingual persons.

Correct Answer
verified

Kailee has learned the word "kitty", but she uses this word when she is referring to cats, bunnies, squirrels and other small furry animals. Kailee's use of this word illustrates

Correct Answer
verified

The fact that language has rules that govern the arrangement of words into phrases and sentences refers to the

Correct Answer
verified

When the word "oat" is changed to the word "boat,", the number of

Correct Answer
verified

The tendency to keep using the same strategy over and over again when trying to solve a problem is known as functional fixedness.

Correct Answer
verified

Kanye's ability to distinguish between "Pour the Coke in the lemonade" and "Pour the lemonade in the Coke" illustrates an understanding of

Correct Answer
verified

Briefly describe the types of errors that children make during their first attempts at language use.

Correct Answer
verified
Children often make under- and over-exte...
View Answer

People often assume that it is necessary to use all the numerical information provided in a problem in order to solve the problem. In reality, numerical information sometimes makes it more difficult to solve a problem because the information

Correct Answer
verified

After the first word is spoken,

Correct Answer
verified

In which case would working backward to solve a problem be an effective strategy?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Exam 8: Cognition and Language

The two sentences "The boy hit the ball" and "The ball was hit by the boy" are the same in regard to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Functional fixedness refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The word "psychology" consists of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Alaina is working on her bicycle, she brings her entire tool kit out on the driveway and starts pulling wrenches from the tool kit at random, trying them until she finds one that fits. Alaina's approach when she is working on her bicycle could be best described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are having a conversation with your psychology professor and she proposes that children acquire language the same way they learn everything else, through reinforcement and other established principles of conditioning. Which theorist would agree with her assertions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

____________________ is the area of language concerned with understanding the meaning of words and word combinations.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The smallest speech units in a language that can be distinguished perceptually are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Syntax refers to rules for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is LEAST accurate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recent research suggests that bilingual persons learn another language ___________ monolingual persons.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kailee has learned the word "kitty", but she uses this word when she is referring to cats, bunnies, squirrels and other small furry animals. Kailee's use of this word illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that language has rules that govern the arrangement of words into phrases and sentences refers to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the word "oat" is changed to the word "boat,", the number of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency to keep using the same strategy over and over again when trying to solve a problem is known as functional fixedness.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kanye's ability to distinguish between "Pour the Coke in the lemonade" and "Pour the lemonade in the Coke" illustrates an understanding of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly describe the types of errors that children make during their first attempts at language use.

Correct AnswerverifiedChildren often make under- and over-exte...View AnswerShow Answer

People often assume that it is necessary to use all the numerical information provided in a problem in order to solve the problem. In reality, numerical information sometimes makes it more difficult to solve a problem because the information

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After the first word is spoken,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which case would working backward to solve a problem be an effective strategy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Children often make under- and over-exte...
View Answer

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