Question 1

The fact that people tend to overestimate the improbable has been attributed to the operation of the _____ heuristic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The fact that people tend to overestimate...

Question 2

According to Simon's theory of bounded rationality, people tend to use

Accepted Answer

A)  simple strategies in decision making that focus on only a few facets of available options and often result in irrational decisions that are less than optimal.
B)  complex strategies in decision making that focus on multiple facets of available options and often result in irrational decisions that are less than optimal.
C)  simple strategies in decision making that focus on multiple facets of available options and often result in rational decisions that are optimal.
D)  complex strategies in decision making that do not focus clearly on enough facets of available options and often result in irrational decisions that are less than optimal.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

When he introduced his adult intelligence scale, _____ did not use the intelligence quotient scoring scheme that had been part of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, but instead used a new scoring scheme based on the normal distribution.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When he introduced his adult intelligence scale,...

Question 4

The trial-and-error approach to problem solving is MOST effective when

Accepted Answer

A)  there is a relatively large number of possible solutions.
B)  there is a relatively small number of possible solutions.
C)  there are no time constraints on solving the problem.
D)  a solution to the problem must be found quickly.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

The belief that an event is more likely to occur if it has not occurred recently is consistent with the ​

Accepted Answer

A)  availability heuristic.
B)  representativeness heuristic.
C)  gambler's fallacy.
D)  conjunction fallacy.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 6

If you tend to persist in using the same problem-solving strategy time after time, you are evidencing a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  delusion.
B)  illusion.
C)  mental set.
D)  generic insight.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

In comparison to most other types of psychological tests, IQ tests tend to be ​

Accepted Answer

A)  low in reliability.
B)  similar in terms of reliability.
C)  exceptionally reliable.
D)  reliable for children, but unreliable for adults.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

The heritability ratio for IQ would be LOWEST among which of the following groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Young children living in poverty
B)  Older adults living in poverty.
C)  Young children from wealthy families.
D)  Older adults from wealthy families.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

If a psychological test measures what it was designed to measure, the test has ​

Accepted Answer

A)  accuracy.
B)  validity.
C)  reliability.
D)  generalizability.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Correlations between students' IQ scores and their school grades suggest that IQ tests ​

Accepted Answer

A)  are not a reliable method to predict school performance.
B)  are a reasonably reliable method to predict school performance.
C)  are not a valid method to predict school performance.
D)  are a reasonably valid method to predict school performance.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Since one of the main goals of playing Scrabble is to use your letters to form long words (the longer the word, the more points you score) , Scrabble can BEST be described as a game that involves a problem of ​

Accepted Answer

A)  arrangement.
B)  transformation.
C)  functional fixedness.
D)  inducing structure.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Many people mistakenly believe their chances of dying in an airplane crash are greater than their chances of dying in an automobile crash. This belief reflects the operation of ​

Accepted Answer

A)  confirmation bias.
B)  the belief in the law of small numbers.
C)  the availability heuristic.
D)  the conjunction fallacy.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Sternberg's research on intelligence suggests all of the following EXCEPT that

Accepted Answer

A)  the three separate aspects of intelligence can each be reliably measured.
B)  the three separate aspects of intelligence are relatively independent.
C)  the three aspects of intelligence are better predictors of student success than traditional IQ tests.
D)  assessing the three separate aspects of intelligence could improve the prediction of intelligent behavior in the real world.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 14

Creativity tests are _____ in predicting the creative achievements of people in the real world because they tend to measure creativity as a _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  very accurate; general trait
B)  very accurate; specific trait
C)  not very accurate; general trait
D)  not very accurate; specific traitE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Which of the following statements corresponds MOST closely to Arthur Jensen's position on ethnic differences in average IQ scores?

Accepted Answer

A)  IQ differences are a function of relative nutritional levels for different ethnic groups, particularly the amount of protein in one's diet.
B)  IQ differences reflect the inherent bias in IQ tests toward different ethnic groups.
C)  IQ differences are largely due to heredity.
D)  There are no true differences in IQ between ethnic groups.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 16

The term used to refer to genetically determined limits on IQ is ​

Accepted Answer

A)  reaction range. ​
B)  the normal curve.
C)  reaction time.
D)  percentile range.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Creativity test items that give respondents a starting point and then require them to generate as many possibilities as they can in a short period of time are scored on the basis of

Accepted Answer

A)  the quantity of alternatives generated.
B)  the originality of the alternatives.
C)  the usefulness of the alternatives.
D)  all of the above.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 18

The correlation between IQ scores and vocational success is BEST described as ​

Accepted Answer

A)  nonsignificant.
B)  moderately negative.
C)  moderately positive.
D)  virtually nonexistent.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 19

(Mental age\chronological age)  ×  100 yields a(n)  _____ quotient.
​

Accepted Answer

A)  Binet
B)  achievement
C)  maturity
D)  intelligenceE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

What special opportunities or problems are connected with bilingualism? What advantages are there for bilingual children?

Accepted Answer

Answers to this question will vary accor...

Exam 8: Cognition and Intelligence

Since one of the main goals of playing Scrabble is to use your letters to form long words (the longer the word, the more points you score) , Scrabble can BEST be described as a game that involves a problem of ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In comparison to most other types of psychological tests, IQ tests tend to be ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many people mistakenly believe their chances of dying in an airplane crash are greater than their chances of dying in an automobile crash. This belief reflects the operation of ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What special opportunities or problems are connected with bilingualism? What advantages are there for bilingual children?

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswers to this question will vary accor...View AnswerShow Answer

Creativity tests are _____ in predicting the creative achievements of people in the real world because they tend to measure creativity as a _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that people tend to overestimate the improbable has been attributed to the operation of the _____ heuristic.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When he introduced his adult intelligence scale, _____ did not use the intelligence quotient scoring scheme that had been part of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, but instead used a new scoring scheme based on the normal distribution.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements corresponds MOST closely to Arthur Jensen's position on ethnic differences in average IQ scores?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The correlation between IQ scores and vocational success is BEST described as ​

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(Mental age\chronological age) × 100 yields a(n) _____ quotient. ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The trial-and-error approach to problem solving is MOST effective when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Creativity test items that give respondents a starting point and then require them to generate as many possibilities as they can in a short period of time are scored on the basis of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sternberg's research on intelligence suggests all of the following EXCEPT that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Simon's theory of bounded rationality, people tend to use

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correlations between students' IQ scores and their school grades suggest that IQ tests ​

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If a psychological test measures what it was designed to measure, the test has ​

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If you tend to persist in using the same problem-solving strategy time after time, you are evidencing a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The heritability ratio for IQ would be LOWEST among which of the following groups?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The belief that an event is more likely to occur if it has not occurred recently is consistent with the ​

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The term used to refer to genetically determined limits on IQ is ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Since one of the main goals of playing Scrabble is to use your letters to form long words (the longer the word, the more points you score) , Scrabble can BEST be described as a game that involves a problem of

Correct Answer
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In comparison to most other types of psychological tests, IQ tests tend to be

Correct Answer
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Many people mistakenly believe their chances of dying in an airplane crash are greater than their chances of dying in an automobile crash. This belief reflects the operation of

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Answers to this question will vary accor...
View Answer

Creativity tests are _ in predicting the creative achievements of people in the real world because they tend to measure creativity as a _.

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The correlation between IQ scores and vocational success is BEST described as

Correct Answer
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(Mental age\chronological age) × 100 yields a(n) _____ quotient.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correlations between students' IQ scores and their school grades suggest that IQ tests

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If a psychological test measures what it was designed to measure, the test has

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The belief that an event is more likely to occur if it has not occurred recently is consistent with the

Correct Answer
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The term used to refer to genetically determined limits on IQ is

Correct Answer
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