Question 1

Structuralism is the historical school of psychology that asserted that the purpose of psychology was to:

Accepted Answer

A)   study behavior
B)   discover the smaller elements that comprise consciousness
C)   explore the unconscious
D)   examine the purposes of conscious processesE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Empiricism means that knowledge should be acquired through

Accepted Answer

A)   logical reasoning.
B)   common sense.
C)   historical tradition.
D)   direct observation.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

The area of psychological research that is MOST interested in the causation,prevention,and treatment of illness is

Accepted Answer

A)   health psychology.
B)   physiological psychology.
C)   social psychology.
D)   psychiatry.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 4

The school of psychology that was MOST responsible for the rise of animal research in psychology was

Accepted Answer

A)   behaviorism.
B)   structuralism.
C)   psychoanalysis.
D)   Gestalt psychology.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the concept of cultural heritage is LEAST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)   It can be applied to small as well as to large groups.
B)   Much of one's cultural heritage is invisible.
C)   It can influence educational success and physical health.
D)   We generally feel a need to discuss our cultural heritage with others.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Sunlin prepared a meal for his new girlfriend and she enjoyed it so much that she cleaned her plate.Later she was surprised that he had found her behavior somewhat insulting; she thought she was showing her appreciation.In this case,the couple's miscommunication illustrates the underlying theme that

Accepted Answer

A)   behavior is determined by multiple causes.
B)   our experience of the world is highly subjective.
C)   heredity and environment jointly determine our behavior.
D)   our behavior is shaped by our cultural heritage.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following is a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating mental disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)   a clinical psychologist
B)   a counseling psychologist
C)   a psychiatrist
D)   a physiological psychologistE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Currently,the two largest areas of specialization in research-oriented psychology are

Accepted Answer

A)   clinical and counseling.
B)   developmental and clinical.
C)   developmental and social.
D)   social and counseling.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Elizabeth is interested in the best way to study achievement among middle-school children and she is also interested in the factors that underlie student motivation.Elizabeth would MOST likely describe her research interests as

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive psychology.
B)   psychometrics.
C)   educational psychology.
D)   developmental psychology.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 10

With which of the following statements would a behaviorist agree?

Accepted Answer

A)   Conscious experiences can be studied in an objective, precise way.
B)   In order to understand behavior, one must understand the motives behind the behavior.
C)   Behavior can only be explained in terms of phenomenology, that is, an individual's interpretation of experience.
D)   Psychology should be the science of behavior that can be observed by others.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

World War I and World War II stimulated the growth of psychology as a profession.This influence illustrates which of the textbook's unifying themes?

Accepted Answer

A)   Psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context.
B)   Psychology is theoretically diverse.
C)   Psychology is empirical.
D)   Our experience of the world is highly subjective.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

The approach that examines behavioral processes in terms of their adaptive value for a species over the course of many generations is

Accepted Answer

A)   clinical psychology.
B)   cognitive psychology.
C)   evolutionary psychology.
D)   physiological psychology.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following is MOST likely to be studied by a cognitive psychologist?

Accepted Answer

A)   strategies used by college students to solve a particular problem
B)   play behavior in preschool children
C)   whether or not a job incentive program is effective
D)   factors that determine group cohesivenessE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

How do a psychologist and psychiatrist differ? How are they the same?

Accepted Answer

Psychiatry is a branch of medicine conce...

Question 15

Marie is a graduate student whose major area of interest is personality psychology.You should expect that Marie is MOST interested in

Accepted Answer

A)   the ways in which physical or genetic factors influence and determine behavior.
B)   how people relate to each other and influence each other.
C)   the internal factors that lead people to act consistently across a variety of situations.
D)   the ways in which behavior and mental processes change over a lifetime.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Your text identifies four unifying themes that relate to psychology's subject matter.Identify each of these themes and show how each theme might be relevant in investigating clinical depression.

Accepted Answer

Behavior is determined by multiple cause...

Question 17

Jane's thyroid gland has become inactive and,as a result,she is becoming lethargic and has gained weight.We know that the thyroid gland can cause this reaction because of studies conducted by

Accepted Answer

A)   clinical psychologists.
B)   medical psychologists.
C)   experimental psychologists.
D)   physiological psychologists.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

Psychiatrists typically have both a Ph.D.in psychology and an M.D.degree.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The basic premise of evolutionary psychology is that natural selection favors behaviors that enhance organisms' success in

Accepted Answer

A)   establishing a territory.
B)   locating a source of food.
C)   passing on their genes to the next generation.
D)   aggressive interactions with members of other species.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 20

It should be easiest to teach a child to pick up his toys by utilizing the principles and techniques developed by

Accepted Answer

A)   William James.
B)   Abraham Maslow.
C)   B. F. Skinner.
D)   Wilhelm Wundt.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Exam 1: The Evolution of Psychology

Structuralism is the historical school of psychology that asserted that the purpose of psychology was to:

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The basic premise of evolutionary psychology is that natural selection favors behaviors that enhance organisms' success in

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It should be easiest to teach a child to pick up his toys by utilizing the principles and techniques developed by

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Which of the following statements about the concept of cultural heritage is LEAST accurate?

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Which of the following is MOST likely to be studied by a cognitive psychologist?

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World War I and World War II stimulated the growth of psychology as a profession.This influence illustrates which of the textbook's unifying themes?

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Marie is a graduate student whose major area of interest is personality psychology.You should expect that Marie is MOST interested in

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Psychiatrists typically have both a Ph.D.in psychology and an M.D.degree.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your text identifies four unifying themes that relate to psychology's subject matter.Identify each of these themes and show how each theme might be relevant in investigating clinical depression.

Correct AnswerverifiedBehavior is determined by multiple cause...View AnswerShow Answer

How do a psychologist and psychiatrist differ? How are they the same?

Correct AnswerverifiedPsychiatry is a branch of medicine conce...View AnswerShow Answer

Currently,the two largest areas of specialization in research-oriented psychology are

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Empiricism means that knowledge should be acquired through

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Elizabeth is interested in the best way to study achievement among middle-school children and she is also interested in the factors that underlie student motivation.Elizabeth would MOST likely describe her research interests as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating mental disorders?

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The school of psychology that was MOST responsible for the rise of animal research in psychology was

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With which of the following statements would a behaviorist agree?

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The area of psychological research that is MOST interested in the causation,prevention,and treatment of illness is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jane's thyroid gland has become inactive and,as a result,she is becoming lethargic and has gained weight.We know that the thyroid gland can cause this reaction because of studies conducted by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The approach that examines behavioral processes in terms of their adaptive value for a species over the course of many generations is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Behavior is determined by multiple cause...
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Psychiatry is a branch of medicine conce...
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