Question 1

At preschool,Jessi has learned that she must wash her hands before snack-time in order to get a snack.At home,however,her parents do not check to make sure she washes her hands.When she is home,Jessi does not wash her hands before eating.Jessi's behavior illustrates the process of

Accepted Answer

A)   response generalization.
B)   response discrimination.
C)   stimulus generalization.
D)   stimulus discrimination.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 2

Examples of behaviors learned through classical conditioning would include all the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   both pleasant and unpleasant emotional responses.
B)   simple reflexive behaviors such as blinking.
C)   the physiological functioning of the immune system.
D)   voluntary behaviors such as setting the table for dinner.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

If the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented alone,spontaneous recovery occurs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

When Luis was a child,he really liked the smell of the rose-scented perfume his mother used to wear.He came to associate that scent with snuggles and hugs from his mom.As an adult,Luis likes any floral scent,including the smell of lilacs and wildflowers.This example illustrates the classical conditioning process of

Accepted Answer

A)   stimulus generalization.
B)   stimulus discrimination.
C)   preparedness.
D)   spontaneous recovery.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Earlier learning viewpoints considered classical and operant conditioning to be automatic processes involving only environmental events that did not depend at all on biological or cognitive factors.Research on which of the following concepts cast doubt on this point of view?

Accepted Answer

A)   latent learning, signal relations, and preparedness
B)   extinction, discrimination, and generalization
C)   CRF, ratio, and interval schedules
D)   escape, avoidance, and spontaneous recoveryE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Julie has a desk right next to her manager's office.Whenever her manager is in his office,Julie makes sure that she works hard at her computer.However,if the manager is away from his office she often works much more slowly and takes more breaks.In this case,the manager being in his office is acting as

Accepted Answer

A)   a positive reinforcer for working hard.
B)   a negative reinforcer for working hard.
C)   a discriminative stimulus for working hard.
D)   an unconditioned stimulus for working hard.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

The process of selectively reinforcing responses that are closer and closer approximations of some desired response is called

Accepted Answer

A)   stimulus discrimination.
B)   selection.
C)   shaping.
D)   step-wise conditioning.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Research into signal relations,response-outcome relations,and observational learning all emphasize

Accepted Answer

A)   the importance of evolutionary adaptations in learning.
B)   the limitations of using basic conditioning procedures in everyday situations.
C)   the distinction between acquisition of behavior and the performance of behavior.
D)   the role of cognitive processes in learning.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 9

Clearly differentiate between reinforcement and punishment.

Accepted Answer

Skinner's principle of reinforcement hol...

Question 10

A group of friends has just finished playing a violent video game for an hour.Which of the following would they be most likely to exhibit?

Accepted Answer

A)   reduced aggressiveness
B)   reduced helping for someone in need
C)   increased helping for someone in need
D)   increased physiological arousal when witnessing aggressionE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 11

In classical conditioning the response is ____,while in operant conditioning the response is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   learned; innate
B)   innate; learned
C)   elicited; emitted
D)   emitted; elicitedE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

You want to teach your dog to fetch the remote control for your TV.Why should you first use continuous reinforcement and then switch to partial reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

You should first use continuous reinforc...

Question 13

Stimulus discrimination occurs when an organism has learned a response to a specific stimulus and does NOT respond in the same way to new stimuli that are similar to the original stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Any event that follows a behavior and results in the behavior having a lower probability of happening in the future is known as a

Accepted Answer

A)   negative reinforcer.
B)   positive reinforcer.
C)   punisher.
D)   vicarious conditioner.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

Escape learning is a type of learning in which

Accepted Answer

A)   an organism's responding is influenced by the observation of others' behavior.
B)   an organism engages in a response that brings aversive stimulation to an end.
C)   a neutral stimulus acquires the ability to elicit a response that was originally elicited by another stimulus.
D)   an organism engages in a response that prevents aversive stimulation from occurring.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

In setting up reinforcement contingencies in a self-modification program,you should

Accepted Answer

A)   choose a reinforcer that is readily available and relatively potent.
B)   use delayed reinforcement.
C)   arrange to reinforce yourself only after there has been a drastic change in the frequency of the target response.
D)   use continuous rather than intermittent reinforcement.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 17

You have familiarized yourself with the streets of your town without any reinforcement; then one day you are asked to go to the post office.You are able to do so with ease by following a route that you have never taken.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   insight learning.
B)   latent learning.
C)   classical conditioning.
D)   operant conditioning.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Anthony classically conditioned his cat to purr whenever the phone rang.One day,the phone rang for nearly two hours straight when Anthony wasn't home,and the cat's conditioned purring response underwent extinction.Today,the response has spontaneously recovered,but if the conditioned purring response were to undergo extinction again Anthony should expect that it will

Accepted Answer

A)   take less time to extinguish than it took for the original extinction.
B)   take more time to extinguish than it took for the original extinction.
C)   take the same amount of time to extinguish as it took for the original extinction.
D)   be impossible to extinguish the response now that spontaneous recovery has occurred.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

The fact that the principles of conditioning are routinely applied in homes,businesses,schools,and factories show that the causes of behavior are multifactorial.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Stimulus generalization occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)   there is a temporal association between two stimuli.
B)   an organism fails to respond to stimuli that are similar to the original stimulus used in conditioning.
C)   an unconditioned stimulus fails to elicit the unconditioned response.
D)   an organism responds to new stimuli that are similar to the original conditioned stimulus.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Exam 6: Learning

Earlier learning viewpoints considered classical and operant conditioning to be automatic processes involving only environmental events that did not depend at all on biological or cognitive factors.Research on which of the following concepts cast doubt on this point of view?

Correct Answer
verified

Research into signal relations,response-outcome relations,and observational learning all emphasize

Correct Answer
verified

In setting up reinforcement contingencies in a self-modification program,you should

Correct Answer
verified

Stimulus generalization occurs when

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A group of friends has just finished playing a violent video game for an hour.Which of the following would they be most likely to exhibit?

Correct Answer
verified

The process of selectively reinforcing responses that are closer and closer approximations of some desired response is called

Correct Answer
verified

If the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented alone,spontaneous recovery occurs.

Correct Answer
verified

Stimulus discrimination occurs when an organism has learned a response to a specific stimulus and does NOT respond in the same way to new stimuli that are similar to the original stimulus.

Correct Answer
verified

Escape learning is a type of learning in which

Correct Answer
verified

The fact that the principles of conditioning are routinely applied in homes,businesses,schools,and factories show that the causes of behavior are multifactorial.

Correct Answer
verified

Examples of behaviors learned through classical conditioning would include all the following EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

At preschool,Jessi has learned that she must wash her hands before snack-time in order to get a snack.At home,however,her parents do not check to make sure she washes her hands.When she is home,Jessi does not wash her hands before eating.Jessi's behavior illustrates the process of

Correct Answer
verified

You have familiarized yourself with the streets of your town without any reinforcement; then one day you are asked to go to the post office.You are able to do so with ease by following a route that you have never taken.This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Any event that follows a behavior and results in the behavior having a lower probability of happening in the future is known as a

Correct Answer
verified

In classical conditioning the response is ,while in operant conditioning the response is .

Correct Answer
verified

Clearly differentiate between reinforcement and punishment.

Correct Answer
verified
Skinner's principle of reinforcement hol...
View Answer

You want to teach your dog to fetch the remote control for your TV.Why should you first use continuous reinforcement and then switch to partial reinforcement?

Correct Answer
verified
You should first use continuous reinforc...
View Answer

Exam 6: Learning

Earlier learning viewpoints considered classical and operant conditioning to be automatic processes involving only environmental events that did not depend at all on biological or cognitive factors.Research on which of the following concepts cast doubt on this point of view?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research into signal relations,response-outcome relations,and observational learning all emphasize

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In setting up reinforcement contingencies in a self-modification program,you should

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stimulus generalization occurs when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A group of friends has just finished playing a violent video game for an hour.Which of the following would they be most likely to exhibit?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process of selectively reinforcing responses that are closer and closer approximations of some desired response is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented alone,spontaneous recovery occurs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stimulus discrimination occurs when an organism has learned a response to a specific stimulus and does NOT respond in the same way to new stimuli that are similar to the original stimulus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Escape learning is a type of learning in which

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that the principles of conditioning are routinely applied in homes,businesses,schools,and factories show that the causes of behavior are multifactorial.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Examples of behaviors learned through classical conditioning would include all the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At preschool,Jessi has learned that she must wash her hands before snack-time in order to get a snack.At home,however,her parents do not check to make sure she washes her hands.When she is home,Jessi does not wash her hands before eating.Jessi's behavior illustrates the process of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have familiarized yourself with the streets of your town without any reinforcement; then one day you are asked to go to the post office.You are able to do so with ease by following a route that you have never taken.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Any event that follows a behavior and results in the behavior having a lower probability of happening in the future is known as a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In classical conditioning the response is ____,while in operant conditioning the response is ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Clearly differentiate between reinforcement and punishment.

Correct AnswerverifiedSkinner's principle of reinforcement hol...View AnswerShow Answer

You want to teach your dog to fetch the remote control for your TV.Why should you first use continuous reinforcement and then switch to partial reinforcement?

Correct AnswerverifiedYou should first use continuous reinforc...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In classical conditioning the response is ,while in operant conditioning the response is .

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Skinner's principle of reinforcement hol...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
You should first use continuous reinforc...
View Answer