Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a common heuristic for problem-solving?

Accepted Answer

A)   working backward
B)   forming subgoals
C)   trial and error
D)   searching for analogiesE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Functional fixedness refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   continued use of problem solving strategies that have worked in the past.
B)   arriving at a particularly insightful solution to a problem.
C)   focusing on information that is irrelevant to the solution of the problem.
D)   not seeing a new function for a familiar object.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Infant vocalizations that consist of repetitive consonant-vowel combinations such as "lalalalalala" are known as ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Infant vocalizations that consist of repetitive consonant-vowel...

Question 4

Working backward is a good strategy to follow when

Accepted Answer

A)   a problem has obvious subgoals.
B)   you can recognize the similarity between two problems.
C)   the problem does not have a well-specified goal.
D)   you have many options available at the beginning of a problem, but few options at the end.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Attempting possible solutions to a problem,then discarding the ones that don't work until you find one that does,is called the ____________________ method of problem solving.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Attempting possible solutions to a problem,then discarding...

Question 6

Arguing from an evolutionary perspective,Gigerenzer suggests that humans' reasoning largely depends on

Accepted Answer

A)   inferential heuristics.
B)   complex heuristics.
C)   dumb and dumber heuristics.
D)   fast and frugal heuristics.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 7

When people persist in using problem-solving strategies that have worked in the past,they are displaying ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When people persist in using problem-solving strategies...

Question 8

The word SLOW would be an example of a:

Accepted Answer

A)   metalinguistic
B)   phoneme
C)   syntactical unit
D)   morphemeE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

For a given individual,the personal worth of an uncertain outcome represents that outcome's ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For a given individual,the personal worth of...

Question 10

Researchers presented two groups of physicians with information regarding a surgical procedure.Half the physicians were told that on average 15 out of 100 people die as a result of the surgery; the remaining physicians were told that on average 85 out of 100 people survive the surgery.Based on the framing effect,you should expect

Accepted Answer

A)   the second group of physicians would be more likely to recommend the surgical procedure to their patients.
B)   the first group of physicians would be more likely to recommend the surgical procedure to their patients.
C)   both groups of physicians would recommend the surgical procedure to their patients.
D)   neither group of physicians would recommend the surgical procedure to their patients.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 11

The fact that overextensions are more common in children's production of words than in their comprehension of words implies that overextensions occur because

Accepted Answer

A)   toddlers must rely on a very limited vocabulary to express themselves.
B)   toddlers can't consistently identify objects to which different words apply.
C)   children's vocabulary growth occurs at such a rapid pace.
D)   toddlers cannot yet combine words into sentences.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Christine has been following the state lottery for over a year,and she has a record of the number of times every number has been selected.She is ready to invest $1000 in lottery tickets with the same six-number combination on each ticket.She is going to choose the six numbers that have occurred the least frequently in the last year because she is sure they will be picked eventually.In this case,Christine is showing evidence of

Accepted Answer

A)   the availability heuristic.
B)   the base rate fallacy.
C)   the gambler's fallacy.
D)   the conjunction fallacy.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 13

The linguistic relativity hypothesis

Accepted Answer

A)   has yet to be tested experimentally.
B)   has been tested experimentally and soundly rejected.
C)   has received support in recent experimental studies.
D)   has been tested experimentally and wholeheartedly endorsed.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

In the Featured Study on intuitive decisions versus careful deliberation,the researchers found that when decision complexity was high,conscious deliberation was associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   lower risk taking.
B)   less post-decision regret.
C)   less satisfaction.
D)   greater satisfaction.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Evolutionary theorists argue all of the following EXCEPT that

Accepted Answer

A)   traditional research on decision making has imposed invalid and unrealistic standards of rationality.
B)   human brains are wired to think in terms of base rates and probabilities.
C)   humans only seem irrational because cognitive psychologists have been asking the wrong questions.
D)   human decision making and problem solving strategies have been tailored to handle real world adaptive problems.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Simon's theory of bounded rationality asserts that people frequently make

Accepted Answer

A)   rational decisions that are less than optimal.
B)   irrational decisions that are less than optimal.
C)   rational decisions that are optimal.
D)   irrational decisions that are optimal.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Babies start babbling at about what age?

Accepted Answer

A)   birth
B)   1 month
C)   3 months
D)   6 monthsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

The fact that children appear to learn rules,rather than specific word combinations,when acquiring language skills argues most strongly AGAINST which theory of language development?

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive
B)   behaviorist
C)   nativist
D)   social communicationE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Rylee's algebra teacher is amazed at the creativity Rylee shows in solving homework problems.He seldom uses the same method on two consecutive problems,even when the problems are very similar in content and structure.Although Rylee makes lots of mistakes in algebra,he is unlikely to experience

Accepted Answer

A)   overregularization in his problem solving.
B)   mental set in his problem solving.
C)   functional fixedness in his problem solving.
D)   noncompensatory problem solving.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 20

During the 1950s and 1960s,creative new ways of measuring mental processes paved the way for the cognitive revolution.The development of new research methods helps to illustrate which of your text's unifying themes?

Accepted Answer

A)   Our experience of the world is highly subjective.
B)   Psychology is theoretically diverse.
C)   Psychology is empirical.
D)   Behavior is determined by multiple causes.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 8: Language and Thought

Arguing from an evolutionary perspective,Gigerenzer suggests that humans' reasoning largely depends on

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The fact that overextensions are more common in children's production of words than in their comprehension of words implies that overextensions occur because

Correct Answer
verified

Evolutionary theorists argue all of the following EXCEPT that

Correct Answer
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Attempting possible solutions to a problem,then discarding the ones that don't work until you find one that does,is called the ____________________ method of problem solving.

Correct Answer
verified

When people persist in using problem-solving strategies that have worked in the past,they are displaying ____________________.

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is NOT a common heuristic for problem-solving?

Correct Answer
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Simon's theory of bounded rationality asserts that people frequently make

Correct Answer
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For a given individual,the personal worth of an uncertain outcome represents that outcome's ____________________.

Correct Answer
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The linguistic relativity hypothesis

Correct Answer
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Babies start babbling at about what age?

Correct Answer
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In the Featured Study on intuitive decisions versus careful deliberation,the researchers found that when decision complexity was high,conscious deliberation was associated with

Correct Answer
verified

Functional fixedness refers to

Correct Answer
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Infant vocalizations that consist of repetitive consonant-vowel combinations such as "lalalalalala" are known as ____________________.

Correct Answer
verified

Rylee's algebra teacher is amazed at the creativity Rylee shows in solving homework problems.He seldom uses the same method on two consecutive problems,even when the problems are very similar in content and structure.Although Rylee makes lots of mistakes in algebra,he is unlikely to experience

Correct Answer
verified

The word SLOW would be an example of a:

Correct Answer
verified

During the 1950s and 1960s,creative new ways of measuring mental processes paved the way for the cognitive revolution.The development of new research methods helps to illustrate which of your text's unifying themes?

Correct Answer
verified

Working backward is a good strategy to follow when

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The fact that children appear to learn rules,rather than specific word combinations,when acquiring language skills argues most strongly AGAINST which theory of language development?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 8: Language and Thought

Arguing from an evolutionary perspective,Gigerenzer suggests that humans' reasoning largely depends on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that overextensions are more common in children's production of words than in their comprehension of words implies that overextensions occur because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary theorists argue all of the following EXCEPT that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Attempting possible solutions to a problem,then discarding the ones that don't work until you find one that does,is called the ____________________ method of problem solving.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people persist in using problem-solving strategies that have worked in the past,they are displaying ____________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a common heuristic for problem-solving?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Simon's theory of bounded rationality asserts that people frequently make

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For a given individual,the personal worth of an uncertain outcome represents that outcome's ____________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The linguistic relativity hypothesis

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Babies start babbling at about what age?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Featured Study on intuitive decisions versus careful deliberation,the researchers found that when decision complexity was high,conscious deliberation was associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Functional fixedness refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infant vocalizations that consist of repetitive consonant-vowel combinations such as "lalalalalala" are known as ____________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rylee's algebra teacher is amazed at the creativity Rylee shows in solving homework problems.He seldom uses the same method on two consecutive problems,even when the problems are very similar in content and structure.Although Rylee makes lots of mistakes in algebra,he is unlikely to experience

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The word SLOW would be an example of a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the 1950s and 1960s,creative new ways of measuring mental processes paved the way for the cognitive revolution.The development of new research methods helps to illustrate which of your text's unifying themes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Working backward is a good strategy to follow when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that children appear to learn rules,rather than specific word combinations,when acquiring language skills argues most strongly AGAINST which theory of language development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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