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and are considered biased estimates for the population standard deviation and variance because,over many calculations,they tend to be A) overestimates. B) underestimates. C) inaccurate in an unpredictable way. D) accurate estimates. and and are considered biased estimates for the population standard deviation and variance because,over many calculations,they tend to be A) overestimates. B) underestimates. C) inaccurate in an unpredictable way. D) accurate estimates. are considered biased estimates for the population standard deviation and variance because,over many calculations,they tend to be


A) overestimates.
B) underestimates.
C) inaccurate in an unpredictable way.
D) accurate estimates.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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If the sample standard deviation If the sample standard deviation for a set of data with N = 6 is found to be 3.17,then what would be the estimated population standard deviation ? A) 3.47 B) 1.78 C) 12.06 D) 10.05 for a set of data with N = 6 is found to be 3.17,then what would be the estimated population standard deviation If the sample standard deviation for a set of data with N = 6 is found to be 3.17,then what would be the estimated population standard deviation ? A) 3.47 B) 1.78 C) 12.06 D) 10.05 ?


A) 3.47
B) 1.78
C) 12.06
D) 10.05

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Measures of central tendency indicate the _____ of a distribution;measures of variability indicate the _____ between the scores in a distribution.


A) similarities;differences
B) mean;variance
C) location;distance
D) distance;location

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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In roughly normal distributions,the standard deviation is approximately


A) equivalent to the variance.
B) one-sixth of the range.
C) equivalent to the deviation of the median from the mean.
D) one-fifth of the absolute value of the mean.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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When computing the variance,why do we square the deviations from the mean?


A) To return the units of measure to their original form
B) To compensate for the fact that the number of degrees of freedom is different from N
C) To transform the raw scores into squared scores
D) To compensate for the fact that deviations about the mean always sum to zero

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Sample variance is defined as the


A) average of the deviations around the sample mean.
B) average of the squared deviations of scores around the sample mean.
C) sum of the deviations around the sample mean,squared.
D) sum of the squared deviations around the sample mean.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following mathematically indicates the amount a score deviates from the mean?


A) Which of the following mathematically indicates the amount a score deviates from the mean? A) B) C) D)
B) Which of the following mathematically indicates the amount a score deviates from the mean? A) B) C) D)
C) Which of the following mathematically indicates the amount a score deviates from the mean? A) B) C) D)
D) Which of the following mathematically indicates the amount a score deviates from the mean? A) B) C) D)

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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A group of 10 students participated in a study of nutritional awareness.What is the sample standard deviation A group of 10 students participated in a study of nutritional awareness.What is the sample standard deviation of their scores? Their scores follow: 20,19,22,20,15,18,15,21,19,20 A) 2.21 B) 2.33 C) 4.89 D) 5.43 of their scores? Their scores follow: 20,19,22,20,15,18,15,21,19,20


A) 2.21
B) 2.33
C) 4.89
D) 5.43

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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The term variability is most opposite to


A) central tendency
B) consistency
C) association
D) homoscedasticity

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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If we are going to predict future performance on the basis of a sample mean and sample standard deviation,it is desirable to have a


A) small mean.
B) small standard deviation.
C) large mean.
D) large standard deviation.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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If you see the notation If you see the notation you should A) sum all the Xs,then square the sum. B) sum the Xs,then divide by 2. C) square all the Xs,then sum the squares. D) divide all the Xs by 2. you should


A) sum all the Xs,then square the sum.
B) sum the Xs,then divide by 2.
C) square all the Xs,then sum the squares.
D) divide all the Xs by 2.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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A group of 10 students participated in a study of nutritional awareness.What is the estimated population standard deviation A group of 10 students participated in a study of nutritional awareness.What is the estimated population standard deviation ? 20,19,22,20,15,18,15,21,19,20 A) 5.43 B) 2.21 C) 4.89 D) 2.33 ? 20,19,22,20,15,18,15,21,19,20


A) 5.43
B) 2.21
C) 4.89
D) 2.33

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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In the language of statistics,how well a relationship helps predict different Y scores is the extent it


A) reduce the variance.
B) increase the variance.
C) accounts for the variance in X scores.
D) accounts for the variance in Y scores.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following is not communicated by a measure of variability?


A) The location of the distribution
B) How consistently close to the mean the scores are
C) How spread out the distribution is
D) The differences among the scores

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The Red Cross wanted to know whether an ad campaign designed to persuade people to donate blood actually increased blood donations.For a sample of N = 4 blood donation centers,the mean increase in blood donations was 10 pints,with a standard deviation of 2 pints.If the Red Cross could collect data from the entire population of blood donation centers,what would one expect the population standard deviation to be?


A) 2
B) 2.31
C) 2.67
D) 20

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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A program evaluator for a large school district wants to study intelligence in the elementary schools.She randomly selects one classroom at each grade level in each elementary school and administers an intelligence test to the children in those classrooms.If the program evaluator wants to find out which school has the highest intelligence level,which of the following should she calculate for each school?


A) The variance
B) The standard deviation
C) The percentile
D) The mean

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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In general,the larger the value of the standard deviation,


A) the less spread out the distribution.
B) the more tightly packed the distribution around the mean.
C) the wider the distribution.
D) the more asymmetrical the distribution.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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When all the scores in a set of data are the same,what is When all the scores in a set of data are the same,what is ? A) 0 B) Greater than 0 C) Less than 0 D) Unknown;cannot compute without the scores ?


A) 0
B) Greater than 0
C) Less than 0
D) Unknown;cannot compute without the scores

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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is used to describe _____; describes _____; describes _____. A) the estimate of the population variance;the population variance;the sample variance B) the sample variance;the population variance;the population variance C) the sample variance;the sample variance;the population variance D) the sample variance;the estimate of the population variance;the population variance is used to describe _____; is used to describe _____; describes _____; describes _____. A) the estimate of the population variance;the population variance;the sample variance B) the sample variance;the population variance;the population variance C) the sample variance;the sample variance;the population variance D) the sample variance;the estimate of the population variance;the population variance describes _____; is used to describe _____; describes _____; describes _____. A) the estimate of the population variance;the population variance;the sample variance B) the sample variance;the population variance;the population variance C) the sample variance;the sample variance;the population variance D) the sample variance;the estimate of the population variance;the population variance describes _____.


A) the estimate of the population variance;the population variance;the sample variance
B) the sample variance;the population variance;the population variance
C) the sample variance;the sample variance;the population variance
D) the sample variance;the estimate of the population variance;the population variance

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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